Rather than simply rejecting Kant's dualism of freedom versus nature, Hegel aims to subsume it within "true infinity", the "Concept" (or "Notion": Begriff), "Spirit" and "ethical life" in such a way that the Kantian duality is rendered intelligible, rather than remaining a brute "given". One commentator GRG Mure notes that in these essays the transitions have the most resemblance to simply moving from one subject on to another. Geburtstag von Helmut Schneider am 2. In Reason and Revolution (1941), Herbert Marcuse made the case for Hegel as a revolutionary and criticized Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse's thesis that Hegel was a totalitarian. This is because, as Hegel suggested by his introduction of the concept of "reality",[95]:111 what determines itself—rather than depending on its relations to other things for its essential character—is more fully "real" (following the Latin etymology of "real", more "thing-like") than what does not. Museum Tusculanum Press. Hegel had a sister, Christiane Luise (1773–1832); and a brother, Georg Ludwig (1776–1812), who perished as an officer during Napoleon's 1812 Russian: 4 The structure of Hegel's Logic appears to exhibit self-similarity, with sub-sections, in their treatment of more specific subject matter, resembling the treatment of the whole. Science of Logic (Wissenschaft der Logik) ... Hegel's Epistemology: A Philosophical Introduction to the Phenomenology of Spirit. [133], In the last half of the 20th century, Hegel's philosophy underwent a major renaissance. In 1817, Hegel published The Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences in Outline as a summary of his philosophy for students attending his lectures at Heidelberg. Winfield, Richard Dien. Scholars continue to point out Hegelian influences in a range of theoretical and/or learned works, such as Carl von Clausewitz's book on strategic thought, On War (1831). It profoundly impacted many future philosophical schools, including those opposed to Hegel's specific dialectical idealism, such as existentialism, the historical materialism of Marx, historism and British Idealism. [107] His thoughts on the person of Jesus Christ stood out from the theologies of the Enlightenment. Významným spôsobom ovplyvnil myslenie o štáte. This contrasts with some modern theorists of conceptual change, e.g. The particular is never complete in itself, but in its quest to find completion continually transforms into more comprehensive, complex, self-relating particulars. [131] Since the fall of the Soviet Union, a new wave of Hegel scholarship has arisen in the West without the preconceptions of the prior schools of thought. The Right Hegelians, the allegedly direct disciples of Hegel at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, advocated a Protestant orthodoxy and the political conservatism of the post-Napoleon Restoration period. In accounts of Hegelianism formed prior to the Hegel renaissance, Hegel's dialectic was often characterized as a three-step process, "thesis, antithesis, synthesis"; a "thesis" (e.g. What, we may ask, is the being at issue (in the "is") and what is its relation to the other terms? Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (ur. Posteriorment, va treballar com a professor en … His father, Georg Ludwig, was Rentkammersekretär (secretary to the revenue office) at the court of Karl Eugen, Duke of Württemberg. This is because modern Logic, generally … Edition Notes Translation of: Wissenschaft der Logik, which forms pt. Schelling and Hölderlin immersed themselves in theoretical debates on Kantian philosophy, from which Hegel remained aloof. The more recent movement of communitarianism has a strong Hegelian influence. Hegel's subdivision follows roughly the logic of conceptual change outlines above. The topics he covered were so wide, and his influence so vast that in many ways his works fundamentally transformed philosophy. His father, Georg Ludwig, was Rentkammersekretär (secretary to the revenue office) at the court of Karl Eugen, Duke of Württemberg. Each new logic book staked a new claim in a century-long expansionist turf war among philosophical trends.[79]. What distinguishes them from materialists like Epicurus and Thomas Hobbes and from empiricists like David Hume, is that they regarded freedom or self-determination as real and having important ontological implications for soul or mind or divinity. … So he, too, sometimes spoke of God and, more often, of the divine; and because he occasionally took pleasure in insisting that he was really closer to this or that Christian tradition than some of the theologians of his time, he has sometimes been understood to have been a Christian. Soon after, his illegitimate son Ludwig Fischer (now ten years old) joined the Hegel household in April 1817, having spent time in an orphanage[59]:354–55 after the death of his mother Christiana Burkhardt.[59]:356. Viele Philosophen setzten sich  bis in die Gegenwart  intensiv mit ihren Inhalten auseinander u. a. Søren Kierkegaard, Bruno Liebrucks oder Dieter Henrich. [144] Karl Popper quoted Schopenhauer as stating, "Should you ever intend to dull the wits of a young man and to incapacitate his brains for any kind of thought whatever, then you cannot do better than give Hegel to read...A guardian fearing that his ward might become too intelligent for his schemes might prevent this misfortune by innocently suggesting the reading of Hegel. Hans livsværk bestod i udviklingen af et stort filosofisk system beskrevet af ham selv som en absolut idealisme. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (Estugarda, 27 de agosto de 1770 – Berlim, 14 de novembro de 1831) foi um filósofo germânico. [72], Pinkard (2000) notes that Hegel's comment to Niethammer "is all the more striking since he had already composed the crucial section of the Phenomenology in which he remarked that the Revolution had now officially passed to another land (Germany) that would complete 'in thought' what the Revolution had only partially accomplished in practice". [99] In this work, civil society (Hegel used the term "bürgerliche Gesellschaft" though it is now referred to as Zivilgesellschaft in German to emphasize a more inclusive community) was a stage in the dialectical relationship between Hegel's perceived opposites, the macro-community of the state and the micro-community of the family. p. 100, In the 1870s and 1880s, Rev. Darüber hinaus haben wir zur Abrundung der Thematik noch weitere Artikel von Freunden eingeholt, sodass nun ein in sich … Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (August 27, 1770 – November 14, 1831) was a German philosopher born in Stuttgart, Württemberg, which is now southwest Germany. "[50] In his work Systematic Theology, theologian Paul Tillich referred to Hegel's work as "perfect essentialism," later writing "essentialism was in Hegel's system fulfilled. Er studierte in Tübingen, habilitierte 1801 mit einer Habilitationsschrift an der Universität Jena (Dr. phil. As usual, he gives a tour of the concepts that are used, from illusion through appearance to reality, in talking about this aspect of experience. In 1802, Schelling and Hegel founded the journal Kritische Journal der Philosophie (Critical Journal of Philosophy) to which they contributed until the collaboration ended when Schelling left for Würzburg in 1803. Unable to find more suitable employment, Hegel reluctantly accepted. Wallace, Robert M. 2005. Hegel's Logic however is a synthetic logic in which much that might more naturally be called metaphysics is treated as inseparable from what we call logical or conceptual truth. )[35][a], Hegel has influenced many thinkers and writers whose own positions vary widely. Although Hegel began his philosophizing with commentary on the Christian religion and often expresses the view that he is a Christian, his ideas are not acceptable to some Christians even though he has had a major influence on 19th- and 20th-century theology. With his finances drying up quickly, Hegel was under great pressure to deliver his book, the long-promised introduction to his philosophical system. George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (Georg Vilhelm Fridrih Hegel; jetoi nga 27 gushti 1770 - 14 nëntor 1831), ishte filozof gjerman. The universe as becoming is a combination of being and non-being. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (/ˈheɪɡəl/;[27][28] German: [ˈɡeːɔʁk ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈheːɡl̩];[28][29] 27 August 1770 – 14 November 1831) was a German philosopher and the most important figure in German idealism. For his god, Hegel does not take the logos of Heraclitus but refers to the nous of Anaxagoras, although he may well have regarded them the same as he continues to refer to god's plan, which is identical to God. "On Hegel—A Study in Sorcery", in J. T. Fraser, F. Haber & G. Muller (eds. "[57][58], Hegel was born on 27 August 1770 in Stuttgart, capital of the Duchy of Württemberg in southwestern Germany. In other words, Hegel is arguing that processes of conceptual change that are not covered in formal logic as such, are in fact rational processes nonetheless and he proposes to tell us how. Publisher's advertisements, dated December 1885, on 32 p. at end. Karen Ng writes that "there is a central, recurring rhetorical device that Hegel returns to again and again throughout his philosophical system: that of describing the activity of reason and thought in terms of the dynamic activity and development of organic life. That is a matter rather for history or some other sort of observation, depending on the content of the statement. 14 listopada 1831 w Berlinie) – niemiecki filozof, twórca nowoczesnego systemu idealistycznego. Hegelovým hlavním přínosem je objev dějinnosti: svět není neměnné, stálé uspořádání, nýbrž jedno nesmírné dějství, v němž světový duch hledá cestu sám k sobě. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (AFI: ˈɡeːɔɐ k ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈheːɡl ) (Stoccarda, 27 agosto 1770 – Berlino, 14 novembre 1831) è stato un filosofo, accademico e poeta tedesco, considerato il rappresentante più significativo dell'idealismo tedesco. It was perfectly legitimate in Hegel's eyes for a conqueror, such as Napoleon, to come and destroy that which was not fully realized. From here on, I summarise the outline of Hegel's argument, using the Science of Logic rather than the Encyclopaedia. Sora sa, Christiane va preda mai târziu la … "[145], Karl Popper wrote that "there is so much philosophical writing (especially in the Hegelian school) which may justly be criticised as meaningless verbiage". The physicians pronounced the cause of death as cholera, but it is likely he died from another gastrointestinal disease. [139] Hegel was described by Schopenhauer as a "clumsy charlatan". Hegel influenced writers of widely varying … In 1801, Hegel came to Jena at the encouragement of his old friend Schelling, who held the position of Extraordinary Professor at the University of Jena. Sy historistiese en idealistiese siening van die werklikheid het 'n rewolusie in Europese filosofie veroorsaak en het as 'n belangrike voorloper tot kontinentale filosofie, Marxisme en historisme gedien.. Hegel het die filosofiese beweging genaamd … Ishte i biri i një nëpunësi te thjeshtë te financave mbretërore. Those without this background would be advised to begin with one of the many general introductions to his thought. During this period, he composed the text which has become known as the Life of Jesus and a book-length manuscript titled "The Positivity of the Christian Religion". Phänomenologie des Geistes; Wissenschaft der Logik; Enzyklopadie der Philosophischen Wissenschaften im Grundrisse; Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts; Girêdanên derve. 大河内 泰樹 （おおこうち たいじゅ、1973年 - ）は、日本の哲学者。専攻はドイツ観念論、フランクフルト学派。京都大学大学院文学研究科教授。元唯物論研究協会副委員長。2009年日本ヘーゲル学会研究奨 … Hegel s-a născut în 27 august 1770 la Stuttgart/Württemberg, într-o familie protestant ă. Tatăl său, Georg Ludwig Hegel (1733-1799), era înalt funcționar la curtea de conturi a ducelui de Wurtemberg. Hegel's views on Logic are expressed in his Science of Logic (1812-16) and in a more compact form in the Encyclopaedia Logic (1817, 1827,1830). Finite things do not determine themselves because, as "finite" things, their essential character is determined by their boundaries over against other finite things, so in order to become "real" they must go beyond their finitude ("finitude is only as a transcending of itself").[95]:145. [59]:80 While in Frankfurt, Hegel composed the essay "Fragments on Religion and Love". ), The Oldest Systematic Program of German Idealism, The Difference Between Fichte's and Schelling's Systems of Philosophy, Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel bibliography, Enzyklopädie der philosophischen Wissenschaften, Vorlesungen über de Geschichte der Philosophie, "Adam Smith's Influence on Hegel's Philosophical Writings", Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, "Duden | He-gel | Rechtschreibung, Bedeutung, Definition", "Vorlesungen über die Geschichte der Philosophie", "MDZ-Reader – Band – Von den Beweisen für die Unsterblichkeit der menschlichen Seele im Lichte der spekulativen Philosophie / Göschel, Carl Friedrich", "Hegel and Clausewitz: Convergence on Method, Divergence on Ethics", On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason, « Der Instinkt der Vernünftigkeit » and other texts, Hegel, as the National Philosopher of Germany (1874), "The Life of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel", Scans of all (original, German) books from Hegel (all editions) between 1807 and 1850 as PDFs at hegel.net, Works by or about Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Relationship between religion and science, Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel&oldid=993780249, People educated at Eberhard-Ludwigs-Gymnasium, Articles with Latin-language sources (la), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2016, Articles needing additional references from August 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2017, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Francke, Kuno, Howard, William Guild, Schiller, Friedrich, 1913–1914, This page was last edited on 12 December 2020, at 13:27. Today, it hosts a Hegel Museum) If we try to to reverse the statement: "A man is Socrates" is liable to be false. The mystical writings of Jakob Böhme had a strong effect on Hegel. However, although this may be fine and well as a reading strategy, it probably falls short of Hegel's real ambition. Hegel and his father also caught the disease, but they narrowly survived. The finite has to become infinite in order to achieve reality. George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (Georg Vilhelm Fridrih Hegel; jetoi nga 27 gushti 1770 - 14 nëntor 1831), ishte filozof gjerman. The Logic of Desire: An Introduction to Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (27. elokuuta 1770 Stuttgart – 14. marraskuuta 1831 Berliini) oli saksalainen filosofi, jonka vaikutus on luultavasti ollut vahvimmillaan metafysiikassa, historianfilosofiassa sekä poliittisessa filosofiassa. ), all the pure concepts of the understanding are immanently contained within the most abstract concept; the entire tree of the concepts of the pure understanding unfolds from a single concept the way a tree grows from a seed. According to Hegel, Heraclitus's "obscurity" comes from his being a true (in Hegel's terms "speculative") philosopher who grasped the ultimate philosophical truth and therefore expressed himself in a way that goes beyond the abstract and limited nature of common sense and is difficult to grasp by those who operate within common sense. [citation needed]. [33] Of special importance is his concept of spirit (Geist, sometimes also translated as "mind") as the historical manifestation of the logical concept – and the "sublation" (Aufhebung, integration without elimination or reduction) – of seemingly contradictory or opposing factors: examples include the apparent opposition between necessity and freedom and between immanence and transcendence. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (* 27. august 1770, Stuttgart – † 14. november 1831, Berlín) bol nemecký filozof, predstaviteľ nemeckej klasickej filozofie, autor systematickej teórie dialektiky (Dialektika). Furthermore, Kant's categories and his idea of relating concepts to the unity of consciousness are taken up again and live issues in Hegel, who takes over Kant's idealism. Ishte i biri i një nëpunësi te thjeshtë te financave mbretërore. Schopenhauer, Arthur. Joan Staumbaugh). Kaufmann also pointed out that Hegel's references to God or to the divine and spirit drew on classical Greek as well as Christian connotations of the terms. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (/ ˈ h eɪ ɡ əl /; tiếng Đức: [ˈɡeɔɐ k ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈheːɡəl]; 27 tháng 8 năm 1770 - 14 tháng 11 năm 1831) là một nhà triết học người Đức.Cùng với Johann Gottlieb Fichte và Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, Hegel được coi là người sáng lập ra chủ nghĩa duy tâm Đức.